Jose Rizal and Andres Bonifacio Essays

Jose Rizal and Andres Bonifacio Essays Jose Rizal and Andres Bonifacio Paper Jose Rizal and Andres Bonifacio Paper Rizal was phenomenonal. He earned his first degree at 16 in the Philippines and never thought back. At 18 he fled to Europe and earned a clinical degree in Spain, and lined it up with degrees in France. While in Europe and in numerous in different nations during his movements around the globe, he showed himself familiarity with Spanish, German, English, and French and he did it all in a short 35 years of life. From youth, he was a productive essayist and he remained so until minutes before being a saint. Rizal’s notoriety as a legend is very much earned. He abhorred how the Spanish rewarded the locals of the Philippines, whom the Spanish called Indios. The books and articles he composed were pointed generally at Spaniards back in Spain. His goal was to get them to stop the acts of Spanish ministers and governors in pioneer Philippines. I accept he was persuaded that if the Spaniards in Europe knew about the remorselessness and bad form going on in their settlement for quite a long time, that they would at long last meddle and stop the barbarous fierceness that had continued for a considerable length of time. In Spain, Spaniards approached Rizal with deference and profound respect, yet for reasons unknown the Spaniards in the Philippines were altogether unique. They didn't stop for a second to utilize torment, fear and execution to hold their Indios under their unlimited oversight, and that included controlling Rizal too. Spanish clerics who were called monks, who gave orders in his country. after years away, he came back to Manila and very quickly the monks found a way to get him off the beaten path. He was seen as liable of spreading subversion dependent on his enemy of minister books composed while he was abroad. These books were not proposed to cause a Spanish topple, however to show not too bad, liberal-disapproved of Spaniards how shameful things were back in his dearest islands. Jose was seen as blameworthy and banished many miles away to the very edges of the archipelago to the small town of Dapitan on Mindanao. He went through years there, and during the finish of that time, a man named Bonifacio back in Manila set up the beginnings of a significant rebel against Spain. Andres Bonifacio was spellbinding. In spite of the fact that he didn’t have the regular virtuoso of Rizal, he was a mind boggling individual notwithstanding. He originated from nothing and showed himself everything. The way that he was poor, self-trained, and independent, a man who couldn't bear the cost of any proper tutoring, considerably less school, but exceeded expectations as a pioneer and free mastermind, he is extraordinary. I more I find out about Bonifacio the more I understand that this person is an ideal type of a genuine Filipino. He shares more for all intents and purpose with the majority of the populace here than most some other figure from this country’s past. He was brought up in Tondo, a poor spot in the mid nineteenth century, and considerably more so now. He was down and out and endured similar difficulties and issues that most Filipinos endure today. However he defeated each one of those issues and got known as Supremo, the pioneer of the progressive government against Spain. Dissimilar to Jose Rizal, Andres Bonifacio abhorred the Spanish and needed nothing to do with them. Where Rizal needed equity under the standard of Spain, Bonifacio needed just Filipinos to be prevailing over his own island. Likewise, Bonifacio was instrumental recorded as a hard copy the Katipunan, the controlling report of this country’s first home-developed government. in spite of no conventional instruction, Andres oversaw practically without any assistance to start THE best insurgence ever against Spain-and returning many years, there were scores of rebellions and uprisings, all awfully squashed into bleeding obscurity. His insubordination was fruitful to such an extent that today we consider it The Philippine Revolution. Additionally, Bonifacio was instrumental recorded as a hard copy the Katipunan, the directing report of this country’s first home-developed government.

Company development Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organization advancement - Case Study Example Despite the fact that it is lawful to utilize TV plugs for political battles, TV promotions in this nation are intensely directed by the Federal Communications Commission and the Federal Trade Commission (FCC, 2012; FTC, 2012). To dodge lawful or specialized issues, TV ad creation organizations ought to be comfortable with the specialized principles actualized concerning items, cases, and substance (Cheap TV Spots, 2012). For example, the promoting of cigarettes on TV is completely limited or prohibited in the United States. In this way, TV ad creation organizations in the United States ought to watch and up-date themselves with the on-going changes concerning TV ad limitations. Moreover, TV plug creation organizations are obliged to watch the laws on IPR. The U.S. economy is still under recuperation. Accordingly, TV ad creation organizations may experience delay in the installments for their administration. In the long run, this will contrarily influence the companies’ income. To keep up their competency in the market, TV advertisement creation organizations should chop down their fixed month to month working expense without giving up the nature of their TV plug recordings. There are social ramifications concerning the creation of TV advertisements. To abstain from culpable the watchers, TV ad creation organizations should abstain from delivering hostile business programs that can antagonistically influence its notoriety. With respect to innovation, TV programs in the United States is open through on-air communicate, decoded satellite, link administrations, direct communicate satellite, or web convention TV (FCC, 2010). Then again, TV publicists are utilizing different advancements, for example, video programming, hard product, computerized cameras, computerized camcorders, and so forth. Since the capital necessity in setting up this sort of business is low,

Nutritionism Health Benefits, The Occurrence Of Chronic Diseases - 550 Words

Nutritionism Health Benefits, The Occurrence Of Chronic Diseases (Essay Sample) Content: My NameCourseInstructorDateNutritionism Health BenefitsAccording to Johnston, Jose, and Michael, a person should eat food, not too much of it but mostly plants (207). The issue of healthy eating has been on the rise in the last few years. The rate of the occurrence of chronic diseases is on the rise with the increased changes in the dietary factors (Shugart and Helene, 263). People are more concerned about what they eat than how it will benefit by eating. Therefore, I do agree with Michael that the one should control their eating to ensure they live healthy and avoid the complications connected with unhealthy eating. In this paper, I will cover the history of Nutritionism, nutrition and chronic diseases and good and bad nutrition.Before the year 1980, the food was always available people would eat eggs and cereals (Walsh and Bryan, 28). As the year went by, nutrients replaced the food in the shelves. This is because science made it look like the nutrients available in food was more important than the food itself. The history of the Chinese labor ears dying because of eating polished rice in the 19th century was enough evidence that nutrients are more important in the life of a human being. In the year 1977, the American noticed an increase in the number of the chronic diseases (Strate and Lisa, 1488). Therefore, a senate select committee headed by George McGovern learnt that there was an increase in the coronary heart diseases in America since the World War II because they consumed processed foods. Compared to other communities and cultures, which consumed traditional foods based on plants America had more rates of chronic diseases (Schleifer and David, 102). Due to this, there has been an increase emphasis on eating a particular type of food than others through the years believing that in so doing the health problems associated with the diets will end. The belief of the good and bad nutrition has also evolved over the years where people believe d there are some foods that bring ill health and some other foods bring about good health. Some diseases such as heart conditions relate to nutrition. The WHO in the year 2002 released a report that showed that with the changing diet behaviors, has caused an increase in chronic diseases (Harcombe and Zo, 196). Chronic diseases are progressive long-term diseases such as heart diseases and diabetes and leading cause of death globally. Obesity is a health condition of being grossly overweight caused by consuming more energy than necessary. To be able to maintain a healthy weight, someone needs to take around 2500 calories per day (Kreymann and Georg, 173). However with the increase in the processed foods available in the shelves is a big contributor of increased calories. Increased intake of calories in the body leads to increased fat in the body. Excessive bodily fat without exercise causes many conditions such as heart disease, obesity, diabetes and stroke. Obesity is linked to other diseases such as type II diabetes and the gallstones. Excess fats also can cause stroke. Stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted. An increase in excess fats in the body also causes an increase in the beating of the heart causing blood pressure. Therefore sticking to strict Nutritionism will ensure that the food taken is strictly enough for the body. A balance in the body food requirements and the use results into healthy body and can be a solution to the problem of the western diet. Many nutritionists have defined good and bad nutrition. The good nutrition is considered to be containing the nutrients believed to be good enough to prevent diseases. Bad nutrition is thought to bring health problems to the user (Mol and Annemarie, 387). With the increase in the number of the diseases today many believe that eating the right nutrients will enable them overcome the problem of diseases associated with the use of bad nutrition. With Nutritionism, an individual is able t o provide the nutrients necessary to the body without having to eat a whole lot of food which may have effects on health such as obesity. Eating the right requirements for the body is the only way to ensure that the people in the western countries overcome the health problems that are associated with diet. Eating too much processed foods, too much sugar and other foods has led the people to try and explain the importance of Nutritionism which delivers the best nutrition as required by the body. Other people may argue that Nutritionism is not well defined to ensure good living. They claim that food intake cannot affect health. However research has shown that diseases such as diabetes are directly connected to dietary factors. This shows that food especially refined food is can be a major cause of worry since it can result to changes which are unhealthy. These foods are either too sweetened or lack the nutrients hence result into people eating more or food ...

Swot Analysis of Rcom - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 347 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/23 Category Advertising Essay Type Narrative essay Tags: SWOT Analysis Essay Did you like this example? SWOT analysis of RCOM in 2006: Strengths: * Strong brand recognition * Well Integrated operations * Significant execution and technological capabilities * Strong distribution channel ( RWorld, FLAG Telecom ) * Unified License obtained by RCom in 8 circles Weaknesses: * Low ARPU compared to competitors * Weakness in Rural Market * Low capabilities in Ethernet and application delivery services Opportunities: * Low penetration Rates * Strategic Alliances ( FLAG) Global expansion due to resource based acquisition of FLAG * Huge GSM subscriber base (76. 67%) with economies of scale for GSM operators * Telecom policy in more in favor of GSM than CDMA * Higher ARPU in GSM sector Threats: * Increasing competition with domestic players * Decreasing ARPU due to competition * High regulation in Indian Telecom sector * Changing political scenario could change Regulations * High switching costs for customers to move to GSM Indian Telecom Industry in 2006 * India’s Telecom Network h ad 203 million connections Third largest in the world and the second largest among the emerging economies of Asia * One of the key sectors responsible for India’s resurgent India’s economic growth ( 1% of GDP ) * Contributed 30 percent to India’s total service tax revenue * Liberal Government policies to provide easy access to telecom equipment and fair regulatory framework * Robust growth in Tele-density (11. 4% in 2006) * Increasing preference to wireless service compared to landline ( 93 million users in 2006 ) * Increasing participation of private players. 7% share of Industry by PSUs * Great opportunities in GSM. 70% Technology market share of GSM IN 2006 * A liberal licensing scheme was set up to increase Internet penetration across the country with 10. 83 million subscribers in Dec 2006. Reliance communication had a 10. 32% subscriber base in Dec 2006 * The Government set up a Telecom Equipment and Services Export Promotion Forum and Telecom Testing and S ecurity Certification Centre (TETC). Companies like Alcatel, Cisco began showing interest in setting up their RD centers in India. Major players in the Market There were three types of players in telecom services: * State owned companies (BSNL and MTNL) * Private Indian owned companies (Reliance Infocomm, Tata Teleservices,) * Foreign invested companies (Hutchison-Essar, Bharti Tele-Ventures, Escotel, Idea Cellular, BPL Mobile, Spice Communications) The market share of various players on Internet and Wireless services is given in the Exhibit X below. Appendix Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Swot Analysis of Rcom" essay for you Create order

A Short Note On The Supply Chain Management - 1039 Words

Abstract: The supply chain concept has been around for many years, yet most businesses have only paid little attention to what was happening within their organization. The result was a disorganized and often unsuccessful supply chain. However, in recent years, supply chain management has emerged as the foundation in many industries regardless of their size for creating the included relationship between suppliers and customers. This is because the supply chain management has contributed to the increase of offshore sourcing. As a result, globalization has progressed, international trade and capital flows have been expanded, which in turn has contributed to the intensity of price competition. INTRODUCTION Globalization increased the general†¦show more content†¦One of the major benefits of information technology in supply chain management is that it enables collaborative forecasting, which requires all supply chain partners to share information regarding parameters that might affect demand, such as the timing and magnitude of promotions. For instance, Dell Computer shares with their components suppliers all of the promotions, e.g., holiday, back-to-school, etc., that they have planned. These suppliers could, in turn, notify their suppliers of discrete components that a spike in demand is anticipated. These demand forecasts for end items determine the demand for components and coupled with the knowledge of fabrication times, allows all members of the supply chain to provide the right quantity at the right time to their customers. Another element of a collaborative supply chain is the collaborative transportation management (CTM), the name says it all; it is the collaboration between transportation and trading companies to optimize efficiency to remain competitive. Since the logistics and transportation industry is highly competitive, competitors basically help each other and share the responsibility and costs. For example, Collaborative Planning,Show MoreRelated Apply Chain Management vs Traditional Mananagement Systens Essay1406 Words   |  6 Pagescustomers. (FORMAN WEB 13). Supply chain management and customer relationship management are some of the many systems used by firms to accomplish the aforementioned functions. Before comparing Supply Chain Management and customer relationship management systems to Tradition Systems, a brief description of Supply chain management and the activities it involves is fully warranted. 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As Moore et al (2002) continue to state, few companies within different industries understood the important link between strategic goals and supply management principles. This, in effect, meant that purchasing departments were undervalued, seen more or less as order takers and placers, while enjoying little or no respect from other organizationalRead MoreSupply Chain Management1730 Words   |  7 PagesSTARBUCKS IT SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT This is a case that illustrates several facets at once: Globalization Rapid Expansion, Supply Chain Management, ERP Implementation, and IT Infrastructure. This case takes place in 1997. Introduction You have to admire the enthusiasm of Starbucks employees. Store managers have been known to stuff sacks of coffee beans into their cars and race over to help out other stores running low. 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Evaluate Traditional & Contemporary Leadership Free-Samples

Question: Evaluate traditional and Contemporary leadership theory to generate a Conceptual Model that contributes to a framework for building Leadership Capacity and lifelong leadership for Quality Improvement to advance Nursing. Answer: Introduction A leader is an individual or a group of people who chooses, prepares, trains and inspires one or more people with various gifts, aptitudes, and skills and directs the groups to the establishments mission and purposes causing the followers to readily and enthusiastically expend mystical, emotive and physical energy in a rigorous harmonised effort to achieve the firms mission and targets (Stewart L, 2010). The leader achieves this impact by meekly assigning a predictive vision of the forthcoming years in clear terms that resonates with the followers principles and morals in such a way that the follower can comprehend and analyse the future into current-time action steps. In the nursing field, there are issues which constantly arise which if not solved appropriately often interferes with the productivity of the sector. The nursing sector relies on evidence that can be supported by effective research. For the quality of the work of the workers to be visible there is need to properly util ise the research ideas in the daily clinical nursing activities (W, 2009). For this issue, the leadership attributes of the nurses their manager and administrators have been pointed out as vital for supporting the utilisation of the research work and practice based on evidence. Its therefore a great drawback when the current conditions in the nursing practice gives contrary evidence when it comes to how effective the nursing leadership have been when it comes to successfully implementing research-based practice in the sector (Locke R, 2011). several theories have risen in the past with researchers still coming up with more theories to try to define leadership (Tornabeni J, 2008). Our analysis will therefore focus on how the formulated theories can be put in practice to help ease the leadership strains affecting the nursing sector. Traditional leadership theories First, we have the trait theory, this leadership theory is majored around identifying the personal features and personalities that is associated with successful leaders within various fields. This nature of research was one of the first to mushroom in the quest to illustrate the basis of defining leadership (Warrick, 2011). The great man theory formulated by Thomas Carlyle is an example of this type of research, his research was majored around leadership which was based on hereditary features. The great man leadership theory is an example of the trait theories, this theory define leadership as an inborn quality that you either have naturally or not. According to the theory one cannot learn or develop the leadership qualities if not born with them (Zaccaro, 2007). Based on the rise of the world historical great leaders such as Julius Caesar, Mahatma Gandhi and Abraham Lincoln historians develop the myth that great leaders arise by birth to take control of situations at the right time. Most of the past leadership researches were developed around the leaders at that time whom most of the time arisen to their positions through birth right. It was therefore not possible for the lower social class to portray their leadership abilities. The theory is still being used currently whenever a prominent leader is described to be having leadership personality an indication that the internal qualities are what makes efficient leaders. According to a sociologist Herbert Spencer, leaders qualities emerged from their interaction with the society. He further explains that for great leaders to develop there are a series of complex issues that modifies his appearance as well as his social state. The key issue with the great man theory is that some people who it described as possessors of the inborn leadership qualities sometimes end up as very poor leaders with others with the same qualities not holding any societal leadership role at all Michigan state studies, in the 1950s series of research were conducted in the Michigan University to try evaluate the ideologies and ways through which good leaders go about improved productivity and job satisfaction. These created two major leadership behaviours employee and production oriented leadership (J.K). In the employees orientation, a great leader views employees as human beings with needs hence the needs are used as the basis for building a strong relationship with the employees. On the other hand, production orientation leadership revolve around the production aspect of the task and employees are just ways of ensuring the objective is attained. The Michigan studies thereby concluded that the employees orientation combined with a general supervision of the workers generated best outcome (Samad, 2012). It further describes participation of the leader as great tool to influencing the possibility of yielding positive outcome from the employees (Grant, 2012). The Michigan state study on leadership support the issues that the employee oriented style of leadership is best effective for getting the best out of the employees as required of nurses. Provided the nurse leader can identify the issues affecting those under her she should be able to reach them emotionally and provide the necessary motivation to assist them. this is a crucial issue in the surgical segment. The clinical environment is technical when it comes to applying management decisions every single decision might just be a disaster in the wards or a life saved. For this reason, the nurse managers are supposed to ensure that the cooperation between the nurses is tight and they undertake their duties in a manner that indicate togetherness in the sector. A leader will therefore have to apply the employees oriented style of leadership as per the Michigan state study. Here he will treat the employees as being and carry out a general supervision of them so that each employee develops a bond with the other for attaining the general objective. If the is combines with the transformation theory then the manager nay as well achieve his objective of triggering a positive job environment for all the workers. Just as the transactional theory states sometimes the motivation of the employees can be improved by offering presents. (Correia de Lacerda, 2010). This gives the employees a chance to psyc h up in cases of those who dont share on the general ambitions of the firm. Another theory which was traditional put in place to illustrate what leadership is bout is the least preferred Co-worker theory. An American scientist Fiedler formulated a scale to determine if an individual leadership is relationship or task oriented. By workers rating of their leaders the scale is used to analyse the leadership style portrayed by the co-worker. The theory considers the various bipolar adjectives which are then rated and the responses recorded. The use of the Least Preferred Co-worker assumes that leaders with relationship oriented tend to have a positive description of their least preferred co-worker but those with task-oriented attributes are harsher in their descriptions. As the social, cultural and political environment that surrounded the traditional leadership theories continue to emerge researches have continue to generate new theories to explain the leadership definition in the contemporary society. Contemporary leadership theories Th Transformational theory is one of them. This theory focuses on the way leaders generate valuable and effective change in their fans. In his study of political leaders James MacGregor Burns come up with the transformational leadership concept a term which has taken root in organisations leadership as well (Zhang, 2013). Under this theory two leadership styles are discovered, the transactional and transformational styles. Transactional leaders emphasize on issuance of rewards and benefits as a technique for achieving compliance on the other hand transformers objective is to change the others to support themselves as well as the organization, by this the leader generate trust, respect, loyalty and admiration among his subjects. For this purpose, the leader can instil hard work among their employees (Chun, 2009). This theory has seen over 30 years of research which approves it as an effective way when it comes to morality and values in leadership. Even though the leaders might fake the transformational qualities the theory still have enough to instil leadership qualities among the other employees. As evidence in the assessment one nurse leadership in tasked with realising optimum performance from the other people this goes in line with the transformational theory. The nurse should use her passion and values for the job as a motivational tool to lure the others to follow her. As a good leader, her cooperation and ethical behaviour together with ability to communicate persuasively to her followers will give her a niche when it comes to obtaining the confidence of the nurses under her. Further the theory supports that the nurse leader should be in touch with the duties and tasks which have been allocated under her and divide them appropriately among her employees. Nurse Managers are normally underprepared to take their management roles. Most of the nurses only possess the technical skill to undertake their roles but the situations at the words sometimes abruptly demand more of leadership qualities than the technical knowledge only. At these corners, the nurses find themselves undergoing through distress (Schaubroeck, 2007). . These situations are very critical to the quality of services offered by the nurses something which cannot be tolerated in the surgical wards. This situation can only be changed by the transformation theory which insists that leadership skills can be instilled on individuals rather than the great mans theory which defines leadership to be in born. Nurses should therefore undertake additional studies to help them gain more leadership roles (Den Hond, 2007). As a novice nurse the objectives are sometimes achieved by the technical skills acquired through the nursing technical schools but just like any other career even nursing entails job promotion (Al-Tarawneh, 2012). The issue is the top positions in the sector normally demand more of leadership abilities than the technical skills. So, as a nurse in the surgical section its important to gain the experience in the technical aspect of the job. This will as per the charismatic leadership theory give the nurse the confidence to express herself eloquently also the nurse should acquire more detailed information regarding the vision of the firm and the nature of leadership roles the field demand. For this purpose, the charismatic model if put in place effectively can assist the nurses gain her career objectives of achieving promotion n her job. The nurse managers need to gain more knowledge in their organizations structure. When it comes to leadership planning and policy creation forms the basis of drafting the objectives. This can only be attained by acquiring the leadership roles and qualities need for effective execution of plans (Sun, 2012).. The nurse tasked with the management of the surgical wards need to get herself informed on the nature of the department. Afterwards she should consider the employee orientation approach to draft policies which are employees friendly and work together with her employees in executing the plan. This way she would be able to gain their trust and get to know their opinion regarding their future expectation of the departments situation. This approach will automatically emerge with the transformational theory when the manager will have achieved her role of modifying her employees into leaders by having them participating on the decision-making processes of the surgical department. Further more, the nurses will find it easy to work together among themselves for achieving a set of goals which they formulated together. Application of leadership theories in offering solution to issues identified in assessment one. This is a very efficient way of enhancing togetherness and improving the productivity of the employees without having to rely on power show oriented techniques which only put the employees under duress and therefore requiring intense personalised supervision before they can perform On the other hand, there is the charismatic leadership theory which is built around the leaders persuasiveness and charm which result from their commitment to their roles. Charismatic leaders are exemptional due to their skilled communication qualities characterised by eloquence hence able to convey their ideas to the followers in a deep emotional way. This attribute is magnified when it comes to handling of crisis as these individuals possess great vision of the organisation. As a nurse in the surgical ward sharp management is very vital for quality healthcare delivery. The leader here must be able to use more than the rules to influence the nurses performance. Charismatic theory of leadership defines a good leader as fluent in speech, have a general vision of the tasks ahead and passionate on his job. These set of qualities are what drives the surgical procedures and a nurse who will be able to motivate her colleagues to perform optimally in critically situations such as vital operations is the best definition of a leader. The surgical wards are some are often populated with patients who are traumatised with some going through the agony of passing through the operation process, leadership qualities within the nurses will be very effective in assisting such issues (lyar, 2007). All this can only flow if the nurse manager portrays transformational leadership style and converted her followers to display similar leadership roles as her as a way of effectively achieving their objectives. Conclusion For greater productivity of the workers leadership is necessary. For this reason, the nurses in the surgical department need to be equipped with the necessary skills to undertake these roles. Based on the traditional leadership theories leadership was defined as a feature which was developed naturally by the leaders. This attributed to the influence that was being shown by the already developed leaders in the society. Since the democratic space at those environments was small the leadership was through hardship and so the lesser in the community never found the platform to showcase their leadership qualities. But the change in the social structure and environment have led researchers to dig deeper into the situation and come up with effective theories which have defines the teaching of leadership in the. With these new theories, a major conceptual term is that leadership is a role which can be learned by different individuals. Through modification of character and gaining of knowledg e and experience in their fields even the average nurses can portray leadership skills and motivate the other employees to gain the necessary leadership roles especially in critical situations such as during operations thereby optimising their productivity in their field. The qualities in the above theories differ but one thing which is evident in most is that leadership is avital quality in productivity and the Nurses need it as well when it comes to developing their sector. References Al-Tarawneh, K. A. (2012). Transformational Leadership and Marketing Effectiveness in Commercial Banks in Jordan. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 65-83. Chun, J. U. (2009). Leadership across hierarchical levels: Multiple levels of management and multiple levels of analysis. The Leadership Quarterly, 550-698. Correia de Lacerda, T. (2010). Transformational Leadership: Toward a Strategy of Corporate Social Responsibility. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. Den Hond, F. . (2007). Ideologically motivated activism: How activist groups influence corproate social change activities. Academy of Management Review, 800-930. Grant, A. M. (2012). Leading with meaning: Beneficiary contact, prosocial impact, and the performance effects of transformational leadership. Academy of Management Journal, 400-480. J.K, H. (n.d.). Leader Behavior Description. Ohio state leadership studies. Locke R, L. C. ( 2011). The impact on the workload of the Ward Manager with the introduction of administrative assistants. Journal of Nursing Management,, 170-180. lyar, I. . (2007). Falling Over Ourselves to Follow the Leader. Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies, 30-49. Samad, S. (2012). The influence of Innovation and Transformational Leadership on Organizational Performance. . Procedia Social and Behavioural Sciences, 400-450. Schaubroeck, J. L. (2007). Embracing transformational leadership: Team values and the impact of leader behavior on team performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1002-1019. Stewart L, U. K. (2010). The impact of nursing leadership on patient safety in a developing country. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 31500-3160. Sun, P. Y. (2012). Civic capacity: Building on transformational leadership to explain successful integrative public leadershi. The Leadership Quarterly, 250-320. Tornabeni J, M. J. (2008). The power of partnership to shap the future of nursing: the evolution of the clinical nurse leader. Journal of Nursing Management, 550-600. W, R. (2009). High reliability and implications for nursing leaders. Journal of Nursing Management, 220-240. Warrick, D. D. (2011). The Urgent Need for Skilled Transformational Leaders: Integrating Transformational Leadership and Organization Development. Journal of Leadership, Accountability and Ethics, 8-20. Zaccaro, S. J. (2007). Trait-based perspectives of leadership. American Psychologist. Zhang, X. A. (2013). Getting Everyone on Board The Effect of Differentiated Transformational Leadership by CEOs on Top Management Team Effectiveness and Leader-Rated Firm Performance. Journal of Management.

Sonnys Blues/MusicChange Essay Example

Sonnys Blues/MusicChange Essay The story Sonny’s Blues by James Baldwin is the story of the tumultuous relationship between two brothers. The anonymous narrator, a well-off Harlem algebra teacher, is seven years the senior to his brother Sonny. The narrator is a cold and judgmental man. Sonny is a jazz pianist whose passion for music is not comprehended by his older brother. The story is not in precise chronological order; however, Baldwin allows everything to come full circle in the end. As we follow the relationship of the narrator and Sonny, we see that suffering can be transformed into an art form such as blues music. The music helps to serve as a means for change. Through this change the narrator begins to understand not blues and Sonny, but also himself. The beginning of the story finds the narrator learning of his brother, Sonny’s, arrest via the morning newspaper. Sonny was arrested for the use of heroin and the narrator is shocked and disturbed, and it is this shock that helps to initiate the healing of the brothers’ relationship. The narrator encounters one of Sonny’s old friends after work on the same day he heard the news. He is very guarded in the conversation. For no reason, he feels a sense of hatred towards the friend. He states, â€Å"But now, abruptly, I hated him. The friend continues the conversation by telling the narrator that he was the first person to tell Sonny about the effects of heroin. It is at this point that the narrator begins to feel a little compassion as well as a little guilt. He still however, is slightly guarded. But he does show that he cares when he shyly asks â€Å"so what’s goi ng to happen to him now. † It is in this situation that we first see that the narrator truly does care about his brother. Although secretly caring deeply for his brother, the narrator does not contact Sonny for a very long time. The death of his daughter, Grace, prompts him to write a letter to Sonny. We will write a custom essay sample on Sonnys Blues/MusicChange specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sonnys Blues/MusicChange specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sonnys Blues/MusicChange specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Sonny’s reply shows his desperation to reach his brother. The brothers continue to have correspondence with one another until Sonny returns to New York. The narrator lets Sonny into his home. However, he feels very awkward about their reunion. He is however, concerned with his brother’s safety for he feels he may not be safe at all. The narrator’s concern for Sonny’s safety prompts him to have flashbacks. The narrator’s first flashback introduces us to another pair of brothers, his father and uncle. The narrator learns from a conversation with his mother that his uncle was a musician like Sonny. His uncle was run over and subsequently killed by a group of drunken white men. The relationship of the narrator and Sonny is much like the relationship between his father and uncle. His mother makes this point clear to the narrator when she says, â€Å"I ain’t telling you all this to make you scared or bitter or to make you hate nobody. I’m telling you this because you got a brother. And the world ain’t changed. †At this point in the story, the narrator feels slightly guilty because he hadn’t heeded his mother’s word. He feels as though he may be partly to blame for some of Sonny’s suffering. The narrator’s mother dies shortly after and the distance between he and Sonny became immense. The narrator marries a woman named Isabel shortly after his mother’s death. He suggests that Sonny go and live with his Isabel’s family as he is going off to war and he thinks it is in Sonny’s best interest. The narrator and Sonny have a huge breakdown in communication at this point when Sonny announces he wants to pursue a career playing jazz. The narrator is shocked and has no response. He then explains to Sonny that it is imperative that he stay in school and graduate. The narrator asks Sonny if he heard him. Sonny’s reply shows the shambles of their relationship when he says, â€Å"I hear you. But you never hear anything I say. † Sonny does however give-in when the narrator reminds him that there is a piano at Isabel’s parents’ home. Sonny becomes obsessed with the piano. He doesn’t have any kind of communication with anyone. He uses the piano as a source of expression. Isabel explained to the narrator that, â€Å"it wasn’t like living with a person at all; it was like living with sound. † The narrator is then able to see what it is that music does for Sonny. He tells us that, â€Å"They dimly sensed as I sense, that Sonny was at the piano playing for his life. Isabel’s family then finds out that Sonny had not been attending school. Instead, he had been spending his time playing music at an apartment. Isabel and her family were extremely upset and Sonny ended up leaving to go into service. The narrator and Sonny did not see each ot her until the war was over and they were both back in New York. The narrator never viewed Sonny as a man and they fought anytime they saw each other. The narrator had a problem with the way Sonny carried himself. He called it â€Å"loose and dreamlike. † He also had a problem with his friends and found music to just be an excuse for him to live his life loosely. An awful fight led them to cease communication with each other for months. The narrator however, looks Sonny up and finds where he has been staying. He goes to see him and Sonny treats him as though he is not family. The narrator tells him that he might as well be dead than to live the way he is living. Sonny says that as far as the narrator is concerned he is dead. Sonny kicks him out the apartment and the narrator whistles, â€Å"You going to need me, baby, one of these cold, rainy days† just to keep from crying. This was the end of the narrator’s flashbacks. He then discusses his daughter’s tragic death due to polio which prompted him to contact Sonny after learning of his arrest. He was deeply troubled by her death and he immediately thought of Sonny. He states, â€Å"My trouble made his real. † After Sonny’s arrest, he moves in with the narrator and his wife. At this point, the brothers begin to understand one another a little better. One day as the narrator is home alone; he stares out the window and witnessed a religious service being held on the corner. As the narrator watches, he realizes that although these people struggle day in and day out they can still sing with all their hearts and souls. He comes to the realization that music was a savior to them. He says that the music â€Å"seemed to soothe a poison out of them. † He then sees Sonny walking past the revival. Sonny drops some change to the ladies and heads home. The narrator’s newfound thought process prompts him to start a conversation with Sonny. Sonny begins to discuss his use of heroin. He explains how it made him feel â€Å"in control. † He used drugs as a refuge as well as an escape. However, after he was arrested he needed to find a new refuge and escape and music was all he had. They then begin to discuss the revival that they had just witnessed. Sonny says that he finds it repulsive that the woman on the street has to â€Å"suffer so much to sing that well. † The narrator with his new outlook on things explains that all people will suffer because it is the human condition. The two brothers are now closer than they have ever been and Sonny invites the narrator to a club where he will be playing the piano. The narrator gets to the club and finds that people have a great respect for Sonny and his art. The bandleader Creole, keeps pushing Sonny to come out of his shell during the performance and play â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†. As the narrator sits in the back corner of the room he has an epiphany. He learns of the relationship between Sonny’s suffering and his music. He realizes that Sonny’s music fills a void for him. It helps to keep him from drowning in all his sorrows. The tumultuous relationship of the narrator and Sonny comes full circle when the narrator realizes the theme of the story. The narrator comes to the realization that music helped Sonny feel as though he had an identity and was worth something, regardless of any suffering he went through. The narrator’s realization expresses the theme that through suffering, a beautiful art form, such as blues music, can emerge.

How to Start a Story Must-Have Tips From 11 Professional Editors

How to Start a Story Must-Have Tips From 11 Professional Editors How to Start a Story: 11 Tips From Our Editors Most writers don’t begin the novel-writing process knowing exactly how to start a story. That comes later, once the narrative arc has taken clearer form.It’s also because the opening lines of a novel carry a lot of responsibility with them. They act as an invitation for someone who’s glanced at the first page of your book to either put it back down or keep reading. It’s like the white rabbit showing up and asking Alice to follow him: the reader has to decide whether to follow despite not knowing what will happen next, and it is the writer’s job to convince them to go down the rabbit hole.Whether you’re just getting started on a novel, or revisiting Page 1 of a first draft, Reedsy Editors are here to help with tips for starting a story with literary examples from a few favorites. We asked our editors: "how would you start a story?" They came up with 9 insightful ways Tip 1. Start with the unexpectedGareth Watkins: Start with the unexpected. Think of the opening to Nineteen Eighty-Four, or Iain Banks’, The Crow Road, â€Å"It was the day my grandmother exploded.† Of course, your opening doesn’t have to be as outrageous as these, but always aim for the unusual. In other words: think of how people will be expecting the book to start, then take the plot  in another direction.If you're in the mood to get some similarly twisty ideas, you can go here to see a list of 70+ plot twist examples.â€Å"At dusk they pour from the sky. They blow across the ramparts, turn cartwheels over rooftops, flutter into the ravines between houses. Entire streets swirl with them, flashing white against the cobbles. Urgent message to the inhabitants of this town, they say. Depart immediately to open country.† - Anthony Doerr, All The Light We Cannot SeeTip 10. Start with your heartDiane Sheya Higgins: Ensure readers that you are not kidding around. You have invested blood, sweat, and tears into this story, and the opening lines should prove that. Compose the first lines of your book as though they were the last lines you will ever write.When readers are transported into your far reaching insights and soulful explorations, they are yours. Every time I read the opening lines of Hugh Howey’s bestselling self-published novel, Wool, I am drawn into the breathtaking depths of his vision and humanity, and I wrench my heart from my chest, and say, â€Å"Here, take it.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"The children were playing while Holston climbed to his death; he could hear them squealing as only happy children do. While they thundered about frantically above, Holston took his time, each step methodical and ponderous, as he wound his way around and around the spiral staircase, old boots ringing out on meta l treads.† - Hugh Howey, WoolTip 11. Start by placing a spell on your readerAnne McPeak: You want your reader to be swept up in the story- for its entirety, but especially at the beginning. This is your chance to intoxicate your reader and convince them that they can’t not read on. This doesn’t mean your story needs drama, or fireworks, or shocking material; what your story really needs is close attention to language, tone, and pacing. Dazzle your reader from the start, and they will willingly take your hand for the ride."Like a match struck in a darkened room:Two white girls in flannel nightgowns and red vinyl roller skates with white laces, tracing tentative circles on a cracked blue slate sidewalk at seven o'clock on an evening in July.The girls murmured rhymes, were murmured rhymes, their gauzy, sky-pink hair streaming like it had never once been cut." - Jonathan Lethem, Fortress of SolitudeEstablishing best practices for starting a story can be tricky because, as Reedsy Editor Nathan Connolly says, â€Å"Fiction should, by nature, seek to defy, redefine or expand beyond rules." It should not be an author’s goal to emulate the words or tastes of another person while writing a novel.However, many well-loved novels share a thread of commonality when it comes to their first few lines - such as a question, a brief to-the-point line, or in the middle of action. While there’s no hard rule for what works, these are guidelines you can follow when determining how to hook readers down your story’s path. Struggling with your opening lines? Here are 9 ways to start your story   Writing a book is a monumental task, but very doable once you have momentum and a compliant muse. If you're looking for ways to end  your novel, go here. And when you reach the finishing line of your entire publishing journey, please read our technical article on formatting and making a book ready for publishing.Do you have a favorite opening passage from a novel not mentioned? Or your own tips for writing a great story opener? Let us know in the comments!

Amateurism in Ncaa football Essay Example for Free

Amateurism in Ncaa football Essay The National Collegiate Athletic Association is corrupted with sneakiness, unfairness and greediness, particularly in division one colleges. In North America, sports play a huge role, especially sports like football, hockey, basketball and baseball. Sometimes this causes us to become vanished of fairness, like are the players being treated right? A great example of injustice in sports is amateurism of football players in division one colleges. Division one and division two athletes must obtain amateurism, which is playing the sport as a hobby rather than for the money, many would define amateurism as worthy but it is really tainted and monopolized! Should NCAA athletes get paid? Numerous of people would easily answer no because college athletes are on scholarships and various athletic departments loses money even with a winning record. Also college athletes have advantages with free tuition, books, living expenses, food, clothing and health. Although all of these features appear wonderful but there are more cons than pros of amateurism. For example the NCAA is a business that are making money out of these athletes basically for free and yes they do receive tuition but that does not compare to the large amount of money the NCAA is making out of them. According the Stanford Review, college athletic is a multimillion-dollar industry with recruiting the best of the best in the nation. So why not pay the best of the best, if they put in all this hard work, then they should be rewarded. Instead the National Colligate Athletic Association is a monopoly because of its limitation of scholarships and other payments to boost its college sports program. Also not all of the athletes receive scholarships. College football players put in more work on the field than they do in the classrooms. For example when in season they have five-hour practices and that doesn’t include lifting for an hour and this is from Tuesday to Friday with game day on Saturday. After the season is over then they begin spring ball which is just only practices and plus they don’t have a summer break because they have to stay for summer ball. We consider college athletes as student athletes but that is such an oxymoron because in realty their sport does come before their schoolwork. When playing in a big division one school, most athletes believe to make it in the big leagues but sadly only about 2% makes it. Colleges should stress more on education for so call student athletes but they don’t because of the athlete’s popularity and how the NCAA is making money out of them regardless if they have a future afterward or not. It’s horrible how the NCAA contract includes that when an athlete commits and decides to transfer to play for another school then they have to sit out a year. This rule is so unfair because coaches don’t have to do that. The NCAA is the biggest monopoly in America according to Bloomberg Businessweek Magazine. When selling college souvenirs and jerseys, videogames, etc and the athlete does not make any money from that, even if they are the main reason for those sales. It is amazing that most players receive a free education but does not compare to what the NCAA is making off of them. The players should receive a cut of these profits or gain a portion of this money after graduation so it can help them financially with their futures. Sadly the NCAA is too considerate of themselves and if an athlete is injure or not performing well then they have no problem wiping their name off the record books. The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a business that makes tons of money from college athletes. Another reason why the NCAA doesn’t pay their athletes is because they will be tax and they can lose a lot of money from that. Well, professional sports obviously pay their athletes and they are tax too but the professional leagues are doing well. College basketball and college football are highly talked about and televised just like the professional sports so it shouldn’t be a problem if college athletes get paid. With amateurism in college sports, athletic programs cheat. They secretly cheat by illegally over paying top players or handing them out free stuff. For instance Cam Newton who was an All-American quarterback playing for Auburn and Mississippi before was secretly offered 120,000 to 18,000 from Mississippi State. Playing in top division one colleges, â€Å"winning isn’t everything, it’s the only thing† and if athletic programs will cheat to have the best recruits and this is no surprise. If amateurism didn’t exist, there wouldn’t be any cheating scandals and every player will treated equally from their performance. Brown, Noah. â€Å"The NCAA Monopoly – The Toonari Post – News, Powered by the People! † The Toonari Post. N. p. , 24 Mar. 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. . Amateurism in Ncaa football. (2017, Jun 03).

Explain key concepts relating to the processes of environmental Essay

Explain key concepts relating to the processes of environmental hazards, complexity and uncertainty. (othr questions in files at - Essay Example Indirect damage includes loss of revenue, unemployment and market deterioration. It is therefore increasingly becoming a major developmental issue of urgent concern for the government, development partners and local communities. In view of this situation, the proposed project aims to provide strong institutional capacities, resources, and database for informed decision making about handling the emergency situations. It also provides awareness to people to handle such emergency situations by informing them through efficient warning system and providing them with the required tools. The project consists of coherently logical steps to carry out the project various phases. The work is divided under various sections, section one contains introduction and objectives, section two explains the need and importance of the project for the country, section three tells the role of project in building resilient community, section four provides information about the partner organization that will a ssist in project. Section seven contains project activity chart and timetable; the next section eight gives details of the resources required in the project. And the last section nine deals with how the project will be monitored and post-funding of project for its sustainability. The total period of project is two years and the project will be monitored throughout the two years duration of the project and post funding will be provided by ensured by the government of Pakistan, who will allocate a part of budget for the disaster management, once the project is on the ground. Section 3. Objectives of project and project outcomes (300 words) Introduction Disasters are situations or events which overwhelm local capacity, necessitating a request to national or international level for assistance. These are classified into two main categories i.e. Natural disasters which are hydro-meteorological and Geophysical, and non-natural disasters which are man-made and can be industrial related; che mical spill, collapse of industrial structures, explosion, fire, gas leak poisoning, radiation; miscellaneous events such as collapse of domestic/non industrial structures, explosion, fire, and Transport related; air, rail, road and water-borne accidents (World Disasters Report, 2002) Disasters worldwide have become a major threat to the inhabitants, so therefore managing these disaster is an important and urgent need of the new world we are living in. Data gathered worldwide over the last three decades suggest that, while the number of people killed by natural disasters has leveled out at around 80,000 per year, the number affected by disasters and associated economic losses have both soared. As during the 1990s, an annual average of around 200 million people was affected by natural disasters nearly three times higher than during the 1970s. Economic losses from such disasters in the 1990s averaged US$ 63 billion per year which is nearly five times higher in real terms than the figu re for the 1970s (Brussels-based Centre for research on the Epidemiology of Disasters-CRED) The disasters affect the developing countries in a more harsh way by undermining their developing strength and contributing to persistent poverty that hinders their growth and prosperity. Objectives of the project and project outcomes The Federal Flood Commission (FFC), Emergency Relief Cell (ERC) and Pakistan Meteorological Department are the key agencies for disaster managemen

Research Findings, Statistical Analysis and interpretation for Essay

Research Findings, Statistical Analysis and interpretation for Etisalat Telecom Corporation - Essay Example The developed or developing world countries are the major victims affected by the dynamics of the demographic splits. The main concerns relating to the identification of the developing and developed countries gets connected from the populace records (Lovie, 2005). The median age, raises the majority of populace in developed countries, whereas median age falls in developing countries therefore affecting the demographic splits of financial busting by a great percentage. Therefore, the median age in developed and developing countries need analyzation with great concern to the dynamics that they create in business financial status particularly the effects of demographic splits that they establish from their populace. Companies must come up with new product portfolios to meet the need of these new growing demographic needs established by the median age both in developed and developing world countries. The new products will establish new markets that meet the customers’ tastes and p references in the demographic splits. Identification of the new products concerns the median age in the developing and developed world countries. Additionally, companies must develop new methods of marketing messages and the method of packaging. The packaging of Old consumers should be one that is easier to open compared to the packaging of new consumers. Eventually, quick reactions to these changes in the demographics can bring significant growths in different companies that create greater opportunities for expansion and profit development (Lovie, 2005). Independent T-Test Independent T-test using SPSS compares the relation between two groups connected in any way but are on the same progressive, dependant variable. Independent t-test has two variables, the dependent variable and independent variable, manipulated in different ways to come up with variables that determine the independent t-test. Besides, ones data must meet certain assumptions to come up with comprehensive independen t t-test results. The assumptions establish valid t-test results using your data. According to Lovie, using an independent t-test, one of the major processes involves checking analyzed data if it actually uses an independent t-test. The main reason for checking is to be sure and appropriate that the independent t-test data passes the required six assumptions required an independent t-test to give valid and reliable results. The six assumptions determine the validity of independent t-test results by adding a little more time to the analysis. It requires checking and using keys in SPSS while performing the analysis as well establishing more ideas and thoughts about your data. When analyzing the data some of these assumptions are violated despite the fact all the six assumptions are valid and used in when analyzing data of the independent t-test. This is mostly common when working with data that is real rather than data found in the textbooks. Using the real world data, allows for the use of data that often shows you how to handle out an independent t-test when everything concerning the anayzation of the data goes in a professional way. In contrast, when the data fails to meet all the assumptions there is still a solution to overcome all this. The six assumptions that are considered in the independent t

Essay --

When imagining the Cold War, it is safe to assume that most people envision a picture that of its namesake; a game of spy versus spy, secret black operations and nuclear threats, with no major physical conflict. However, contrary to the aforementioned portrait, and the given label, the Cold War was anything but â€Å"cold.† Not only was there physical conflict, but full-scale wars, fought out on the battlefield rather than the podium. Engulfed at the start was the Korean War, a bloody wake-up call for America on how far the Communists will fight for their government. A fact to be once again reinforced with the Vietnam War, both of which shook America up to the point of questioning their own â€Å"invincibility.† The â€Å"revelation† in the United States was due to the outcome of both wars, which points to the inarguable fact that our quest to stop Communism in Asia was an overall failure. The fact that the United States was not the global dominant power thought to be after WWII was a tough truth to swallow for the American populace at the time (and perhaps today). After WWII, the US was exhausted, battered, and relieved. Years of fighting finally ended how it began: with the bombing of an unsuspecting populace. A hypocritical, albeit â€Å"necessary† evil. With the newly established United Nations, the world could finally rest in peace. However, the US and its allies now how had a bigger problem to contend with. Many people saw it coming, even before the end of the war. General George S. Patton saw threat in the Soviet Union's power, even while US troops were fighting and dying alongside them. However, despite the warnings, the United States failed to act, and thus, found themselves reacting to Russia's every move. The lines were set, the alliances... ... topic on the minds of even the truest patriots: Did we win? Some might argue yes, since South Korea remains a democratic state today, a fact that cannot be stated if North Korea had won. However, some might argue the opposite; the fact that North Korea is still a thorough-bred communist threat proves that we failed our goal of uniting Korea under a democratic government. The line between winning and losing was, and is, too blurry to accurately decide a conclusion. This was in sharp contrast to WWII, or WWI, or even as far back as the Spanish-American war, where America won. America always wins, right? For the first time in almost 200 years, the answer to that question is no longer clear. And that scared the American people. And with that scare, the cracks of doubt formed in the window of invincibility. A window about to be shattered, by the Iron Hammer of Communism.

Comparison of Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local Park and The North Lynnwood Neighbourhood Park

1 Chapter FOUR ANALYSIS, FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 4.1 Introduction This chapter will be discuss and explains about the analysis and findings which from two mention surveies every bit good as the literature reappraisal through comparative analysis. The facets that will be used to compare are site background, end and design attack, design layout, comfortss, hardscape and softscape choice, handiness and circulation every bit good as the activities. Those aspect are considered the dependable from literature reappraisal to be portion of urban park design planning. This chapter will stop up with treatment of analysis between both park which are Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local Park every bit good as The North Lynnwood Park 4.2. Site Background Both of Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local Park and The North Lynnwood Neighbourhood Park are different type of park but those park are similar in using Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design ( CPTED ) rules which seeks to hold a nothing offense in the park. Table 4.1 shows the comparing of basic background for both Parkss. Table 4.1 Comparison of site background for both Parkss.Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local ParkThe North Lynnwood Neighbourhood ParkEntire country: 17 estates.Built by Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission ( M-NCPPC ) Parks in 1962.Include community centre, features resort areas, a softball field, two multiuse Fieldss, four tennis tribunals, a football or association football field and a picnic country.Entire country: 6 estates.Developed in 1970 and initiated by Lynnwood Elementary School instructors, every bit good as the pupils.Include big active drama, picnic country, an out-of-door public presentation infinite, spray Parkss and new drama equipment known as â€Å"Dragon Park† .Based on the tabular array above, both Parkss attract public because it’s operation as a topographic point for socialize every bit good as there are besides provided several diversion installations for recreational activities. The Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local Park consist of several installations within the park which may be used by batch of people in one clip. As compared to the Nort h Lynnwood Neighbourhood Park, it is besides consist of installations as usual for a park, but the figure of user may be somewhat different. 4.3 Goal and design attack Goal and design attack is of import and considered in design planning because of peculiar Parkss must lies on that facet. These facet is based on how the end will be achieved through the selected attack in developing a good park. From both mention surveies, it seem that both park have their ain end but used the same attack which is CPTED to accomplish a good park. For Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local Park, it want to make a successful park every bit good as the unfastened infinite system in the hereafter through the devising of bing Parkss and unfastened infinites as utile and attractive as possible and besides making the right every bit good as suitable of new comfortss and linkages within the park. The North Lynnwood Neighbourhood Park besides have about the same purpose which is to supply appropriate new diversion installations every bit good as redevelop the bing 1s and make a new out-of-door public presentation infinite for Lynnwood Elementary School pupils and occupants. But, both Parkss have to accomplish the purpose through several aims that might be different. Table 4.2 The difference aims used by both Parkss to accomplish the end.Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local ParkThe North Lynnwood Neighbourhood ParkI. Supply more visibleness to other installations in the park such as the resort area, hoops and others. two. Better a better entree control in covering with vehicular and prosaic traffic. three. Supply better natural surveillance for those who entered the park.I. Supply installations for diversion activities based on the user needs. two. Develop recreational resources and chances that are built-in in the landscape and outdoor atmosphere that may include walking, jogging, biking every bit good as continuing the natural countries.Harmonizing to the comparing of two mention surveies, both park are taking about the same end but different manner to accomplish it but still based on CPTED rules. The Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local Park is indirectly giving a comfy and secured atmosphere for the users as to allow the relaxation for better natural surveillance and supply more visibleness to other installations. Compared to The North Lynnwood Neighbourhood Park had intended to repair up the installations with the new one within the park to make better atmosphere as the park is used by the school kids every bit good as the occupants which to maintain out fright of offenses. 4.4 Design Layout A good park design is due to the planning of a good layout puting which is the right and suited combination of workss every bit good as the characteristics will make a pleasing visual aspect and an environmentally friendly layout which mean a safer park. Through the two mention surveies, the design layout was compared to find the design which sing the offense bar schemes. Table 4.3 The difference design layout of two mention surveies.Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local ParkThe North Lynnwood Neighbourhood ParkRosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local Park was networking within the park linked to each other of the pathway and the cycleway every bit good as the planting strategy. These are the possibility to make hiding infinite within the full layout of the park.The Gwendolyn Coffield Community Center becomes a focal point of the park since the installations provided are around the centre.The installations that are provided is designated to be at the border of the park margin to guarantee the natural surveillance within the park.The North Lynnwood Neighbourhood Park is designed by positioning the looping pathway at the center of the park to be the focal point. The prosaic paseo was created to buffer by trees and other plantings.The design of the park every bit good as the external layout supplying more inclusion of corners that can hide people by twenty-four hours or dark.The planting strategy gives the obstructor of public’s position as the st ructural planting is planted at the margin of the park every bit good as to deny entree to offense marks and to make a perceptual experience of hazards to wrongdoers.Based on the tabular array above, the circulation and pathway every bit good as the cycleway is appropriate to the design counsel for both Parkss as a good park design. These is designed to let walking within the park every bit good as such a desire lines for the users. Planting strategy besides played the same function of circulation, pathway and cycleway due to the CPTED rules which is the natural entree control. Apart from that, both park have their ain focal point which is a topographic point that people will garner or play around. For Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local Park, the community centre shown in Figure 3.6 act as a focal point of the park because the installations provided are around the centre which is to guarantee the natural surveillance within the park. While focal point for the North Lynnwood Neighbourhood Park is the looping pathway because of its place which is at the center of the park. The focal point is one of the facet for a good park design that act as natural surveillance. 4.5 Comfortss, hardscape and softscape choice Comfortss and hardscape choice of urban park is sensible to be compared with looking at the offense bar facet as these provided in those park is influence to make societal interaction among the users. For softscape choice every bit good as landscaping played function to heighten the natural agreeableness in the park. It is of import, nevertheless, to guarantee that heavy leaf and inappropriate planting does non take to chances for privacy and possible offense. Table 4.4 Comparison of comfortss, hardscape choice for both Parkss.Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local ParkThe North Lynnwood Neighbourhood ParkA big unfastened space/ resort areaA multi-use football and association football fieldA baseball fieldTwo tennis tribunalsOne and a half hoops tribunalsCommunity centreSecurity illuming within the parkSpray parkReservable field day installationsLarge active drama countriesPlay EquipmentBasketball CourtOutdoor Stages/Performance AreaPublic toiletsParkingBased on the tabular array 4.4, the comfortss every bit good as the hardscape provided in Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local Park are accessible in footings of security facet as the characteristics is accommodating security component as the comfortss and the infinite provided can make a societal atmosphere. Harmonizing to Cranz ( 1982 ) , people will utilize the park for their sociable infinite where people get to utilize ephemeral scene, run into friends do other recreational activities. Compared to The North Lynnwood Neighbourhood Park, the park provided good comfortss, but the hardscape characteristics of the park is rather unequal to back up the safety environment. Table 4.5 Comparison of softscape choice for both Parkss.Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local ParkThe North Lynnwood Neighbourhood ParkThe park encompasses about 70 % of plantings. This is possible to do a fly-by-night country every bit good as to supply screen for related and suited activities.The planting choice need to suit the local ecology and recreational context.The workss choice is making a form which is covering at the border of the park.The usage of workss are to give and supply the coloring material every bit good as the texture of planting.Based on the tabular array 4.5, softscape choice is an of import component in a park which it’s played different function due to the local surrounding. This is because each seting strategy will be reflecting the image of the park. 4.6 Accessibility and circulation Accessibility and circulation aspect played function in developing a good and better park. The design fundamentally to heighten the existent and perceived safety of paseo users, by avoiding from taking people into unsafe state of affairss or countries. Table 4.6 Comparison of the handiness and circulation of both Parkss.Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local ParkThe North Lynnwood Neighbourhood ParkThe handiness or street layout provided to take the motion of the users within the park is clearly where it is connects to the whole country.The form of park’s handiness or street layout is more to make the natural way scene and the circulation of the way design is excessively loopy.Based on table 4.6, both Parkss seem to give and allow the users enjoy the different atmosphere of the park through different form of handiness every bit good as circulation. Unfortunately, both circulation design is beliing to the design counsel of park. . The design of pathway should be more in the direct desire lines because the direct entree will allow in making more concealed topographic points ( Qolcuhoun, 2004 ) . 4.7 Activity Basically, each park will supply public societal infinite, lawn country every bit good as recreational installations as a topographic point that signifiers and creates activity for the societal and environmental wellness of communities. These will indirectly give some basic counsel for offense decrease within the park ( Singapore National Prevention Council, 2003 ) . Table 4.7 Activities of both Parkss.Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local ParkThe North Lynnwood Neighbourhood ParkRosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local Park supplying a batch of infinite for activities that may include athleticss, fittingness, dance, music, art, or the chance to fall in together with friends and neighbors for a particular jubilation or societal assemblage which to guarantee the park is full used.The North Lynnwood Neighbourhood Park supplying out-of-door public presentations infinite which include two phases, amphitheater seating and a big mounting bowlder for the intent of making other activities to do the park more energetic.Based on the tabular array above, both Parkss somewhat supplying the same activities which to maintain and guarantee the Parkss utile to the users every bit good as the occupants. Through the development of unfastened infinite programs which to heighten ocular agreeableness of an country do non hold the possible to endanger the safety of the users ( Christiansen, 1977 ) . So, the more ocular comfortss are provided within the park, there more activities will be occurred. 4.8 Drumhead From the comparative analysis made between Rosemary Hills-Lyttonsville Local Park and The North Lynnwood Neighbourhood Park, it can be concluded that the chief consideration of forestalling offense in urban park are site background, end and design attack, design layout, comfortss, hardscape and softscape choice, handiness and circulation every bit good as the activities aspect. These should go the design guidelines during the spacial design in developing successful urban park based on CPTED rules. Both Parkss shown a good attacks in using the CPTED rules through those aspect. Hence, the design guidelines for urban park should see the strengths from both Parkss order to make a zero offense environment every bit good as a comfy and safer atmosphere within the park. MentionsMcCormick, J. ( 2006 ) .Design Against Crime. National Recreation and Park AssociationDrakakis, S. and David, W. ( 1981 ) .Urbanization, Housing and the Development Procedure. London: Croom Helm.Jamil bin Abu Bakar ( 2002 ) .A Design Guide for Public Parks in Malaysia. Johor Darul Ta’zim: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.Singapore National Crime Prevention Council ( 2003 ) .Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Guidebook. Singapore: Singapore Public Affairs Department.

French Indefinite Demonstrative Pronouns

There are two kinds of demonstrative pronouns: variable demonstrative pronouns (celui, celle, ceux, celles) which agree in gender and number with their antecedent, and invariable (or indefinite) demonstrative pronouns (ce, ceci, cela, à §a), which  do not have an antecedent and their form does not vary. Indefinite Demonstrative Pronouns Invariable demonstrative pronouns, also called indefinite  or neuter demonstrative pronouns, do not have a specific antecedent and thus do not have different forms for gender and number. Indefinite demonstrative pronouns can refer to something abstract, like an idea or a situation, or to something indicated but unnamed. On the other hand, a variable demonstrative pronoun  refers to a specific, previously mentioned noun in a sentence; this pronoun must agree in gender and number with the noun it refers back to.   There Are Four Indefinite Demonstrative Pronouns 1. Ce is the impersonal, simple indefinite demonstrative pronoun. It can mean this or it, and is used mainly with the verb à ªtre, either in the basic expression cest or in various impersonal expressions, which are expressions without a definite subject that begin with C​est  or Il​ est.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest une bonne idà ©e!Thats a good idea!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest difficile à   faire.Its hard to do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest triste de perdre un ami.  Its sad to lose a friend.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒâ€°tudier, cest important.Studying is important. Ce may also be followed by devoir or pouvoir à ªtre.Ce doit à ªtre un bon restaurant.This must be a good restaurant.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ce peut à ªtre difficile.This might be difficult. A less common and more formal usage (especially in written French) of ce can be used without a verb:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai travaillà © en Espagne, et ce en tant que bà ©nà ©vole.I worked in Spain (and this) as a volunteer.Elle la tuà ©, et pour ce  elle est condamnà ©e.She killed him, and therefore/for this she is condemned. Note that ce is also a demonstrative adjective.2. 3. Ceci  and cela are used as the subject of all other verbs:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ceci va à ªtre facile.This is going to be easy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cela me fait plaisir.That makes me happy. Ceci and cela are used with pouvoir or devoir when those verbs are not followed by à ªtre.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ceci peut nous aider.This could help us.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cela doit aller dans la cuisine.That has to go in the kitchen. Ceci  and cela can also be direct and indirect objects:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Donnez-lui cela de ma part.Give him this from me.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Qui a fait cela?Who did this? Notes Ceci is the contraction of ce ici (this here), while cela is the contraction of ce là   (this there). Ceci is rare in spoken French. Just as là   commonly replaces ici in spoken French (Je suis là  Ã‚  Ã‚  Im here), French speakers tend to use cela to mean either this or that. Ceci only really comes into play when one wants to distinguish between this and that:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne veux pas ceci, je veux cela.I dont want this, I want that. 4. Ça is the informal replacement for both cela and ceci.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Donne-lui à §a de ma part.Give him this from me.Qui a fait à §a?Who did this?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒâ€¡a me fait plaisir.That makes me happy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Quest-ce que cest que à §a?What is that?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne veux pas ceci (or à §a),  je veux à §a.I dont want this, I want that.